Valve



Oct. 13, 1936. w, H; LOLLEY ET AL 2,057,103

VALVE Fi led Aug. 18, 1932 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 R3 WILLMH H. LOLLEY HENRYBLEE t 13 1936. w. H; L oLLE ET AL 2 051 1 3 VALVE Filed Aug. 18 1932 4'Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTORS FIG.2.

HENRY B. LEE

1 MLLMHH-LOLLEY Qct. 13, 1936. w. H. LCLLEY ET AL VALVE Filed Aug. 18, 1952 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 VENTORS MM H LOLLEY HEMP) B LEE IN Mu.

ATTQR villi/r91? w. H. LOLLEY ET AL 2,057,103

VALVE Filed Aug. 18, 1932 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Oct. 13, 1936.

- ,WILLMMI-LLOLLEY l-I rB.L BY 2 ORNEY w Patented Oct. 13, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE VALVE ration of New Jersey Application August 18, 1932, Serial No. 829,279

2 Claims. (01. 22-403)- This invention relates broadly to pipe fittings and more particularly to the connection between a fitting and the ends of the pipe between which the fitting is inserted. The invention also resides in the method of securing a nipple in a cast metal fiuidway. The invention will doubtless find its broadest field of usefulness in connection with valves.

One object of the present invention is to provide a flexible joint or connection between a pipe end and a fitting which will accommodate itself,

for instance, to expansion and contraction in the pipe line or other relative movement between the pipe and fitting, without applying stresses to a part of the fitting incapable of withstanding them.

Another object of the invention is to provide a tight joint or connection between the pipe end and the fitting irrespective of relative movement therebetween or the relative angle, within limitsj It is also an object of the invention to provide a connection or coupling between a plain pipe end and a valve thereby avoiding the cost of flanges and the labor and additional fittings involved particularly where, say, a length of steel pipe is to be coupled with a cast metal valve.

4 The invention has for a further object to provide a connection which shall do away with threaded connections or the like, subject to deteriorationand rust rendering the fitting likely to leak.

In carrying the invention into sheet, in the illustrated embodiment, a cylindrical nipple, of an interior diameter to receive the pipe end, is inserted into the end of a plain, cylindrical fluid- 35 way. This nipple has a flaring end and a gasket is then compressed between the pipe and the fiaring nipple end by a follower bearing thereagainst, with, if desired, a gland between the gasket and the follower, the follower being drawn up against the gasket by suitable bolts or the like.

In one of its aspects, the invention seeks a fiuid tight joint between the nipple and the fitting body. To this end, the nipple may be cast into the body or fused therein or pressed therein or threaded and screwed thereinto.

These and other objects of the invention and the means for their attainment will be more apparent from the following detailed description, taken in connection with the accompanying draw- 50 ings illustrating various embodiments by which the invention may be realized, and in which:

Figure 1 is a view in transverse vertical section through a valve to which the invention is applied and in which the nipples are cast, molded and/or 55 fused in the fiuidways.

Figure 2 is an end view of the valve of Figure 1 looking from the right of that figure.

Figure 3 is a view in side elevation of one end of a modified connection.

Figure 4 is a view showing a core about which 5 the valve, and in which the nipple members are cast, and the manner in which they aregiositioned.

Figure 5 is a fragmentary sectional view showing a modified form of the invention in which an m interiorly threaded nipple is secured in the aidway section during formation thereof and with a pipe end threaded in the nipple.

Figure 6.15 a fragmentary sectional view showing still another modification in which a pipe 15 section is welded to the protruding endof a nip.- ple which nipple has been secured in the fiuidway.

Figure 7 is a fragmentary view, in section, showing still another form taken by the nipple to insure a tight and secure joint with the cast metal body. A

Figure 8 is a view showing another modified form of the invention 'in which a tapered nipple is pressed or forced into the cylindrical bore of a fiuidway. 25

Figure 9 shows another modification in which a tapered nipple is pressed or forced into the tapered bore of afiuldway, the angles of conicity of the respective nipple and bore being different.

Figure 10 shows still another modification in which a slightly oversized cylindrical nipple is pressed into the cylindrical bore in the fiuidway of a fitting to abut against a shoulder formed therein.

Figure 11 is a view showing a cylindrical nipple screwed home into the fiuidway of a fitting.

Figure 12 is a fragmentary view showing still another modification.

It will be apparent as the description proceeds that the invention. is not limited to a valve or to I the material thereof orlts method of manufacture but is equally applicable in any situation in which a tubular section is to be secured with a fluid tight joint to anytim offl tting.

Referring now to Figure l, a valve body is indicated at Iii formed with fiuidways II. The particular form of valve gate, valve stem and bonnet illustrated form no part of the invention and will, therefore, not be discussed.

The fiuidways illustrated are substantially cylindrical and are inwardly of increased diameter as shown to form a recess i4 sufllcient to receivea nipple l6 and the end l8 of the pipe to be secured to the valve, so that the interior surfaoe 20 of the pipe is substantially .flush with the 5 edge, as at 26, and forms an abutment 28 against which a pipe end I8 abuts. The nipple I6. conveniently, is formed with peripheral grooves 38,

- 3| into which material of the valve body I8 ex tends to lock the two parts together. At its outer end, the nipple I6 is flared outwardly, as at 82.

In assembly, after the pipe end I8 is inserted in the nipple IS, a gasket 34, conveniently wedge shaped in cross-section, is inserted in the space between the mouth 32 of the nipple and the pipe I8. The gasket is preferably of some resilient non-metallic material, such as rubber, and may, if desired, be tipped, as at 38, with an armor of wear resistant and preferably malleable material such as a soft metal, for instance, lead.

An annular gland 38 may, if desired, be applied to the gasket to bear thereonand a follower 48 bears on the gland 38 and is drawn up tightly toward the valve body to compress the gasket 84 and wedge it into tight engagement with the op- So much of the structure as has been described may, if desired, be identical and the followers 48 at opposite ends may be drawn together'by the bolts 42 extending through holes in plane portions 44 on the followers, the portions 4| intermediate the apertured plane portions 44 being depressed to provide a bearing surface for engagement with the gland 38. I

Both gland 38 and the follower 48 are formed with central passages 45 and 48, respectively, for the pipe I8, of a diameter greater than the pipe to permit movement of the pipe with respect thereto and to accommodate the structure to pipe slightly out of line therewith.

If preferred, or if only one side of the valve is to be furnished with the connection of this invention, the valve body I2 (Figure 3) may be formed with lugs 48, radially slotted, as at 58, and with a remote face 52 in a transverse plane to receive the heads '54 of shorter bolts 58 by which a follower 48 on only one end may be'secured and drawn up.

In the preferred construction, the fluidway is cast around the nipple I8 during the formation of the body of the valve. In Figure 4, there is shown a sand core 88 comprising the portion 88 about which the valve body I8 is formed and the portion 82 about which the fluidways I2 are cit st. The outer ends of the fluidway core portions 82 are of reduced diameter, as at 84, and of constantly decreasing diameter or taper-ed and receive an annular core member 68 on which the nipples I8 are disposed with the inwardly bevelled inner end 24 extending inwardly beyond'the annular cores 68 toward the valve bodyportion. Preferably, the annular core member 88 is previously packed or otherwise formed within the nipple I8, as shown, with an interior taper 88 of the same conicity as the taper on the tapered fiuidway core portion 84. It may then be baked and then forced on to the. fluidway core 84 until the face 88 abuts the shoulder 8| of thevalve core. In this manner, the proper location of the nipples in,the subsequently cast valve body is assured.

After the core portions and the nipples are so assembled, the assembly is placedin the molded cavity already formed by the pattern, the outside contours of the cavity being indicated by the dot and dash line 68 in Figure 4.

With the nipples I8 unheated or at room temperature, the metal is then poured into the mold in ideal conditions, a fusing or knitting to some extent of the tapered end 24 of the nipple IS with the metal of the body l2 which thus forms an integral structure at this point and which contributes to the fixing of the nipple It in the fluidway l2.

"In addition, the enlarged end 18 defined by the neckformed by the groove 3| nearest to the apex of the tapered end, and the taper surface 24, is tightly held in by the stop portion 26 and the cast metal bead 12. In Figures and 6, the grooves 83 and 9|, corresponding to groove 3i, are of lesser depth than adjacent grooves to atford adequate metal in the tapered end of the pp e- Thus. in use, the sleeve I6 is firmly held in e fluidway I2 because there is either a true knitting of cast metal of the valve body with the metal of the nipple or because of the mechanical engagement of the annular beads on the valve body fitting into the grooves on the nipple or because of both. 1

In Figure 5, there is illustrated a modified form of the invention in which the nipple 88 is secured in the fluidway l2 of the cast valvebody as before described, but is inwardly threaded,

as at 82, to receive the threaded end 84 of a pipe. Here no flexibility of the Joint is provided, but a fluid tight joint is afforded in a construction wherein the component elements cannot become separated, as before'described. If desired, the nipple 88 may extend outwardly beyond the fluidway, as at 88, to provide additional bearing surface and threads. 4 The same method of securing a nipple in a cast valve body I8 may be utilized as indicated in Figure 6, where, say, the steel nipple 98 is of the same diameter as the end of the pipe 82 to which it is Joined as by welding at 94,

1 It will be obvious that, in many circumstances,

I the peripheral grooves in the. nipple may take any appropriate shape. In Figure 1, only two peripheral grooves 88 are shown; iii-Figure 5, more grooves, for instance, six peripheral grooves 8|, are shown', the grooves being defined by arcs of smallerradii; while in Figure 7, v-shaped grooves, in cross-section, and twelve in number, are illustrated, the controlling factor being grooves of such shape andsize that adequate material of the valve body will enter therein to firmly anchor the nipple in the fluidway to meet the operating conditions to which the fitting subjected.

Referring now to Figure 8, a modification of the invention is there illustrated in which a nipple I88 has an exteriorlytapered surface I82 adapted to be received within the cylindrical bore I84 of the fluidway l2. In this instance, the nipple I88 is pressed or forced into the bore of the fluidway until tightly held therein. 4.

In Figure 9, the fluidway I2 is formed with i tapered bore I88 of gradually decreasing diameter and receives a nipple I 88 also having an outer tapered surface IIO, the angle of conicity of the tapers I06 and H0 being diflerent, that of the nipple IIO being at a greater angle.

In Figure 10, a slightly oversized nipple II2 of an exterior diameter slightly greater than the interior diameter of the bore H4 of the fluidway section is adapted to be pressed or forced therein into abutting relation with a shoulder 6 formed in the fluidway and thus held tightly in position.

In Figure 11, still another modification is shown in which the nipple H5 is exteriorly threaded and is threaded into the interiorly threaded fluidway I2. Preferably the threads in question will be pipe threads so that a fluid tight joint may be obtained. The nipple II 6 will bescrewed home until a fluid tight joint is obtained.

In the modification illustrated in Figure 12, the outer surface of the nipple I20 of denser grain is turned down throughout that portion entering the fitting I22, at spaced portions I24. These portions I24 of lesser diameter define beads I26. inwardly, the nipple end is of increased diameter for a short distance, as at I28, and the very inner extremity is inwardly beveled, as at I36. The

end is thus rabbeted.

When the nipple I20 is disposed on the core 60, as explained in connection with Figure 4,. the inner end of the annular core member terminates in the transverse plane of the shoulder I29 defined by the reduced inner surface I28. The impression in the mold coincides, conveniently, with the outer end of the outer turned down portion I24. Then when the material of lesser density is poured, it flows into the grooves I24 and embeds the beads I26 therein. It also flows around the beveled end I30 and up to the shoulder I29 forming the abutment portion I32. There is particularly here a fusing or knitting of the cast metal not only with respect to the thin end I21 but also with the beads I26, thus aflording an exceptionally. good securing of the nipple within the fitting which, at the same time, has a certain degree of flexibility or deformation permitting deflection of the pipe end."

In every instance, in the modifications of Figures 8 through 12, the connection between the nipple and pipe end are made-as hereinbefore described.

It will thus be seen that a fluid tight Joint is provided between a fitting and a pipe line which afiords compensation for relative movement or misalignment of the coacting parts. In the securing of the nipple in the fluidway, a method has been provided which, contrary to what might be expected, insures a tight and strong joint by' fusing or knitting the parts together.

Various modifications will occur to those skilled in the art in the composition, configuration and utilization of the component elements going to make up the invention as a whole as well as in the application of the method disclosed and no limitation is intended by the phraseology of the foregoing description or illustrations in the accompanying drawings except as indicated in the plurality of circumferential grooves, forcing the annular core memberwith the nipple thereon, on to the tapering end of the fluidway core in abutting relation with the shoulder, disposing the core and nipples so formed in a mold, pouring molten metal into the mold about the core and about the beveled nipple end'into contact with. the interior surface whereby the metal of said beveled end fuses with the molten metal and enters the peripheral grooves and cooling the metal.

2. The method of manufacturing a fitting having a fluidway comprising employing a core having a fluidway section, said section tapering outwardly, forming an annular core member, with an inwardly tapering bore, within a nipple having a beveled end, outwardly of the annular core member, forcing the annular core member with the nipple thereon on to the tapering end of the fluidway, disposing the core. and: nipples so formed in a mo1d,'p0uring molten metal into the mold about the core and about the beveled nip-' ple end whereby the metal of said beveled end fuses with the molten metal and cooling the metal.

, WILLIAM H. LOLLEY.

HENRY B. LEE. 

